On February 4-5, 2026, the Third Responsible AI in the Military Domain Summit (REAIM Summit 2026) was held in A Coruña, Spain. The summit was jointly hosted by the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Defence, with the Netherlands and the Republic of Korea serving as co-hosts. The event brought together government delegations from 85 countries, as well as representatives from international organizations, academia, and industry, to discuss the application and governance of artificial intelligence in the military domain.
Xiao Qian, Deputy Director of the Center for International Security and Strategy (CISS) at Tsinghua University, was invited to participate in the panel discussion titled "Building Confidence-Building Measures for AI in the Military Domain."Drawing on China's principles and policy positions, she elaborated on China's perspectives regarding risk management of military AI applications. She also introduced the efforts and achievements of CISS's Track II Dialogue on U.S.-China Artificial Intelligence and International Security in advancing confidence-building measures.
The panel was moderated by Liu Meiching, Research Fellow at the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. Other panelists included Major General (Ret.) Pawan Anand of the Indian Army and Lauren Kahn, Senior Research Fellow at the Center for Security and Emerging Technology (CSET), Georgetown University.
During the summit, Xiao Qian also met with Robin Geiss, Director of the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR), to exchange views on potential cooperation in the field of artificial intelligence. Giacomo Persi Paoli, Head of the Security and Technology Programme at UNIDIR, UNIDIR Researcher Yasmin Afina, and CISS PhD Researcher Zheng Lefeng also participated in the meeting.