【中国论坛热词解码】(第78期)中美元首会晤和防长会晤

2022-12-01
导语
2022年11月15日,二十国集团(G20)领导人第十七次峰会在印尼巴厘岛举行。峰会前夕,中美元首举行了面对面会晤。本次会晤创造了多个“首次”——疫情暴发近三年来中美元首的首次面对面会晤、拜登就任总统以来两国元首的首次面对面会晤、中美完成各自国内重大政治议程之后的首次会晤。距离中美元首会晤仅过了8天,11月22日,中国国务委员兼国防部长魏凤和同美国防长奥斯汀在柬埔寨举行的东盟防长扩大会期间举行了会谈,本次防长会晤可视作两军关系走向恢复的信号。世界对中美近日的一系列高层官员接触予以高度关注。


1. boil over 沸溢、失去控制

Public statements from both sides also appeared to indicate a basic foundation that each recognize the critical nature of their rivalry, and both want to ensure that it doesn’t boil over into a war, at least yet. They are moving towards reopening more regular conversations — US Secretary of State Antony Blinken is now expected to visit China next year.


双方的公开声明似乎也表明了一个基本基础,即双方都认识到彼此竞争的重要性,都希望确保至少目前不会升级为战争。他们正朝着重开更多定期对话的方向迈进——美国国务卿安东尼·布林肯有望明年访问中国。


(英文摘自2022.11.14 CNN News 网站)


Perhaps the outcome of the meeting was the best we could have expected—that dialogue, and the prospect of more of it, holds out hope that competition won’t boil over into conflict.


也许这次会议的结果是我们所能期待的最好的结果——对话,以及更多对话的前景,为竞争不会升级为冲突带来希望。


(英文摘自2022.11.14 Atlantic Council 网站)


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图片来源:Sky News

2. “a baby step” 一小步

However, Yu warns that Monday's meeting is just a baby step towards improving relations: “It will not resolve any substantial grievances both sides have had against each other, but only slowing down the deterioration of their relations.”


然而,周一的会谈只是改善关系的“一小步”:“它不会解决双方之间任何实质性的积怨,只会减缓两国关系恶化的速度。”


(英文摘自2022.11.14 Wisconsin Public Radio 网站)


Nonetheless, keeping lines of communication open is a necessary baby step towards managing competition in a responsible manner and avoiding mistakes and miscalculation. As former British prime minister Winston Churchill once said,“jaw-jaw is always better than to war-war”.


尽管如此,保持沟通渠道畅通是以负责任的方式管理竞争、避免错误和误判的必要的一小步。正如英国前首相温斯顿•丘吉尔曾经说过的,“唇枪舌剑总比兵戎相见好”。


(英文摘自2022.11.17 China News Asia 网站)


3. elephants in the room 明明存在却被人刻意回避的问题

Ukraine and North Korea were elephants in the room. The U.S. has pushed China to take a clearer stand against Russia's war in Ukraine, which China hastried to remain neutral on despite signing a partnership with Moscow in February.


The two leaders also spoke about North Korea — a longstanding regional security issue. Biden warned if Beijing is unable to rein in Pyongyang's weapons ambitions, the U.S. would beef up its presence in the region — a move that will be read by Beijing as a threat to its own security.


乌克兰危机和朝鲜问题是房间里的大象。美国敦促中国对俄罗斯在乌克兰危机中采取更明确的立场。尽管中国今年2月与莫斯科签署了一项伙伴关系协议,但中国一直试图保持中立。


两位领导人还谈到了朝鲜问题,这是一个长期存在的地区安全问题。拜登警告说,如果北京不能遏制平壤的武器野心,美国将加强在该地区的存在——次举将被北京视为对其自身安全的威胁。


(英文摘自2022.11.14 NPR 网站)


4. trajectory 发展轨迹;起落

He described the summit in Bali as “heartening” and beginning “the process of healing as well as placing bilateral ties on an upward trajectory”. Gupta said that understandings reached at the highest levels should be translated into action.


他用“令人振奋”一词形容本次巴厘岛峰会,他认为此次会晤“标志着双边关系正在愈合且进入了上升轨道”。古普塔认为在最高级别达成的谅解应转化为行动。


(英文摘自2022.11.22 China Daliy 网站)


“The trajectory of the relationship is nothing but positive, and it’s overwhelmingly in the mutual interest of both our countries,” Biden said in 2011 when, as vice president, he visited Beijing to build a personal relationship with China’s then leader-in-waiting.


拜登在2011年作为副总统访问北京,与中国当时的候任领导人建立个人关系时说:“这种关系的发展轨迹是积极的,完全符合我们两国的共同利益。”


(英文摘自2022.11.12 CNN 网站)


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图片来源:BBC


5.conciliatory 安抚的;调和的;调停的

US President Joe Biden has promised there will be no "new Cold War" with China, following a conciliatory meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping. It was the first in-person meeting between the two superpower leaders since Mr Biden took office.


美国总统拜登在与中国国家主席习近平进行和解性会晤后,承诺不会与中国发生“新冷战”。这是拜登上任以来两个超级大国领导人之间的首次面对面会晤。


(英文摘自2022.11.14 BBC 网站)


Chinese President Xi Jinping and U.S. President Joe Biden struck a conciliatory tone at three hours of talks Monday on the Indonesian island of Bali where they aired stark differences but underscored the need to prevent the U.S.-China strategic rivalry spilling into conflict.


中国国家主席习近平和美国总统拜登周一在印度尼西亚的巴厘岛举行了三个小时的会谈,双方以和解的语气表达了明显的分歧,但强调需要防止美中战略竞争演变成冲突。


(英文摘自2022.11.14 CNN 网站)


6. rock-bottom 最低点


A meeting between the two defense chiefs in itself is a positive signal, as the recent provocative visit saw the two countries’ military ties falling to rock-bottom.


两位国防部长的会面本身就是一个积极的信号,因为最近的挑衅性访问使两国的军事关系跌至谷底。


(英文摘自2022.11.22 Global Times 网站)


US President Joe Biden and Chinese President Xi Jinping held their first in-person bilateral summit on Monday, where they each showed a desire to improve US-China ties that have hit rock bottom in recent years.


美国总统拜登和中国国家主席习近平周一举行了首次面对面的双边峰会,双方都表示希望改善近年来跌入谷底的美中关系。


(英文摘自2022.11.14 Korea Herald 网站)


7. conflagration 爆发点燃的冲突

In this phase of the relationship, Chinese and U.S. officials said, Beijing and Washington must work out how to coexist—and avoid, or at least postpone, a conflagration.


中美两国官员说,在当前的关系阶段,北京和华盛顿必须找到共存的办法——避免,或至少推迟爆发冲突。


(英文摘自2022.11.15 The Wall Street Journal 网站)


The dangers of a “new Cold War” and an unintended U.S.-China conflagration also came up in their conversations, but with scant attempt at a solution. Xi reportedly spoke of the need to manage differences carefully, “to prevent China-U.S. relations from getting derailed or out of control,” while Biden reportedly “underscored the importance of managing strategic risks.”


“新冷战”的危险和意外的中美冲突也在他们的谈话中出现,但几乎没有在解决方法上达成共识。据报道,中国国家主席习近平谈到需要谨慎处理分歧,以防止中美关系脱轨或失控。而拜登则强调了管理战略风险的重要性。


(英文摘自2022.11.14 The Bloomberg 网站)


8. clash over 对…持不同意见

China and the U.S. once worked together under the rubric of globalization, but the powers now increasingly clash over issues spanning politics, trade and technology.


中国和美国曾经在全球化的框架下合作,但现在这两个大国在政治、贸易和技术等问题上的冲突越来越多。


(英文摘自2022.11.15 The Wall Street Journal 网站)


Presidents Joe Biden and Xi Jinping clashed over Taiwan on Monday but found common ground during the powers’ first in-person summit in three years, including a joint warning of Russia’s use of nuclear weapons in Ukraine.


美国总统拜登和中国国家主席习近平周一在台湾问题上产生了意见分歧,但在三年来的首次面对面会晤上找到了共同点,包括就乌克兰危机中的核风险问题发出联合警告。


(英文摘自2022.11.14 US Today News 网站)


编辑:王翊宣 张瑞勇
核稿:许馨匀 韩桦

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