2025年5月13日,中国—拉共体论坛第四届部长级会议于北京顺利召开。会议以“共谋发展振兴,共建中拉命运共同体”为主题,旨在通过深入交流,重申双方加强政治对话、深化合作、增进互信的坚定承诺,会议审议通过《中国-拉共体成员国重点领域合作共同行动计划(2025-2027)》和《中国—拉共体论坛第四届部长级会议北京宣言》两项重要成果文件。习近平主席在主旨演讲中指出,中拉合作十年来硕果累累,未来,中拉应坚持团结协调,共同建设中拉命运共同体。会议提出中拉合作团结、发展、民心等“五大工程”,宣布提供90亿美元新信贷额度、免签政策、官员常态化交流等机制化举措,致力于打造政治互信、经贸融合、文化包容的全方位合作新格局,继续深化中拉南南合作共赢之路。 一 时政热词 1、memorandum of understanding (MoU) 谅解备忘录 So far, 23 LAC countries have signed memorandum of understanding (MoU) on the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) with China, Xu said. Notable BRI projects include the Chancay Port – South America's first smart and green port – and the Jamaica North-South Highway. 迄今为止,已有23个拉丁美洲和加勒比国家与中国签署了关于 “一带一路 ”倡议的谅解备忘录,包括南美洲首个智能绿色港口—钱凯港和牙买加南北高速公路。 (英文摘自2025.05.13 CGTN 网站) The China-Columbia MoU is wide-ranging. The focus goes beyond mere infrastructure to include topics such as technological exchange, decarbonization, and reindustrialization—but none of that comes with a clear commitment. Instead, the pillars mirror the main elements of Petro’s National Development Plan, suggesting this is merely a statement of intent from China to continue to play a role in Colombia’s economic development rather than a play to pry Colombia away from Washington’s sphere of influence. 中国—哥伦比亚签订的谅解备忘录内容广泛。其重点不仅限于基础设施,还涵盖技术交流、去碳化和再工业化等议题,但这些都没有明确的承诺。相反,这些要点与彼得罗总统的国家发展计划的主要内容相吻合,这表明这份谅解备忘录只是中国继续在哥伦比亚的经济发展中发挥作用的意向表态,而并非旨在促使哥伦比亚脱离美国的势力范围。 (英文摘自2025.05.15 Atlantic Council 网站) 2、the five programs 五大工程 The five programs, ranging from solidarity, development and civilization to peace and people-to-people connectivity, were announced by Xi when delivering a keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the fourth ministerial meeting of the China-CELAC (the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States) Forum in Beijing. 在北京举行的中国-拉共体(拉美及加勒比国家共同体)论坛第四届部长级会议开幕式上,习近平主席发表主旨演讲,宣布了从团结、发展、文明到和平与民心相通的“五大工程”。 (英文摘自2025.05.13 Global Times 网站) The five programs, ranging from solidarity, development and civilization to peace and people-to-people connectivity, provide a clear roadmap for deepening cooperation and advancing the common goals of both sides. 团结、发展、文明、和平、民心相通这“五大工程”为深化合作、推进中拉双方共同目标提供了清晰的路线图。 (英文摘自2025.05.16 Qiu Shi 网站) 图片来源:Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs 3、credit line 信贷额度 President Xi Jinping vowed on Tuesday to boost China's footprint in Latin America and the Caribbean with a new $9 billion credit line and fresh infrastructure investment. The fresh credit line, denominated in yuan, will be welcomed in many regional capitals, analysts say, although the funding is not immediately useful to countries struggling to service dollar-denominated debt. 周二,习近平主席提出,将通过提供90亿美元的新信贷额度和新基础设施投资,推动中国在拉美和加勒比地区的发展。有分析称,以人民币计价的新信贷额度将受到该地区许多国家的欢迎,尽管这笔资金的成效对于那些正努力偿还美元结算债务的国家来说并不是立竿见影的。 (英文摘自2025.05.13 Reuters 网站) By announcing a $9 billion yuan-denominated credit line and fresh infrastructure investment for the region, Xi not only reasserted China’s role as a development financier but also positioned the yuan as an alternative to the dollar-dominated monetary logic—a strategy aligned with the country’s long-term efforts to internationalize its currency. “There are no winners in tariff wars or trade wars. Bullying or hegemonism only leads to self-isolation,” Xi said in his inaugural speech. 通过宣布为该地区提供90亿美元的人民币信贷额度和新的基础设施投资,习近平主席不仅重申了中国作为发展融资者的角色,还将人民币定位为美元主导货币逻辑的替代品——这一战略与人民币国际化的长期目标相一致。“关税战或贸易战没有赢家。霸凌霸道只会导致自我孤立,”国家主席习近平在开幕演讲中说道。 (英文摘自2025.05.15 Americas Quarterly 网站) 4、visa exemption/visa-free 签证豁免 To facilitate friendly exchanges, China has decided to implement visa exemption for five LAC countries as the first step, and it will expand this policy coverage at proper times, he said. 为促进友好交流,中国决定首先对拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的五个国家实行签证豁免政策,并将适时扩大这一政策的覆盖范围。 (英文摘自2025.05.16 China Daily 网站) The new visa-free policy will facilitate people-to-people exchanges and greatly boost economic and trade cooperation, Sun said, noting that this will especially benefit small and medium-sized enterprises in LAC by making it more convenient for them to expand into the market in China. 中国现代国际关系研究院拉美研究所执行所长孙岩峰指出,新的免签政策将促进人员往来,大力推动经贸合作,免签政策将对拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的中小企业特别有利,帮助其更方便地拓展中国市场。 (英文摘自2025.05.15 Global Times 网站) 5、good governance practices 善治实践 To further encourage solidarity between nations, Xi emphasized support for regional influence in multilateral forums and proposed inviting 300 political party members from CELAC countries to Beijing each year for the next three years to share “good governance practices.” 为进一步鼓励国家间的团结,习近平主席强调支持在多边论坛中发挥地区影响力,并提议在未来三年,每年邀请300 名拉共体国家国家的政党成员来北京分享“善治实践”。 (英文摘自2025.05.19 Caribbean News Global 网站) [The event was] attended by guests including President Lula, Colombian President Gustavo Petro, Chilean President Gabriel Boric and New Development Bank President Dilma Rousseff. "In the next three years, to facilitate our exchanges on national governance best practices, China will invite 300 members from political parties of CELAC member states every year to visit China," he said. 巴西总统卢拉、哥伦比亚总统佩特罗、智利总统博里奇、新开发银行行长迪尔玛-罗塞夫等嘉宾出席会议。习近平主席提出,“未来3年,为促进我们在善治实践方面的交流,中方将每年邀请300名拉共体成员国政党成员访华。” (英文摘自2025.05.19 Beijing Review 网站) 图片来源:Reuters 6、regional connectivity 区域互联互通 The most emblematic initiative-related infrastructure project in Latin America is the Chancay mega-port in Peru. Developed by the China Ocean Shipping Company, the Chancay project is expected to create the first deep-water port on the west coast of South America, which will receive Neo-Panamax vessels, reducing maritime transit time between South America and China by about 10 days, enhancing regional connectivity and positioning Peru as a logistics hub in the Southern Cone. 与“一带一路”倡议相关的、最具代表性的拉美地区基础设施项目是秘鲁的钱凯大型港口。由中国远洋运输总公司开发的钱凯港项目预计将在南美洲西海岸建成第一个深水港口,可停靠新巴拿马型船只,将南美洲与中国之间的海上运输时间缩短约 10 天,加强区域互联互通,并使秘鲁成为南锥体地区的物流枢纽。 (英文摘自2025.05.15 China Daily 网站) In an interview with CGTN, Peruvian Foreign Minister Elmer Schialer Salcedo described the China-CELAC Forum as a crucial platform for strengthening ties between China and Latin America. He also highlighted the Chancay Port project, noting its role in improving regional connectivity and reducing transportation costs. 在接受 CGTN 采访时,秘鲁外交部长埃尔梅-斯基亚莱尔-萨尔塞多称,中国-拉美及加勒比国家共同体论坛是加强中拉关系的重要平台。他还强调了钱凯港项目在改善区域互联互通和降低运输成本方面具有积极作用。 (英文摘自2025.05.14 CGTN 网站) 二 文化速递 1、La Nao de China 马尼拉大帆船(“中国船”) The Manila Galleon route (La Nao de China) was an early instance of globalization, representing a trade route from Asia that crossed to the Americas. As early as the 16th century, Nao de China, or "Ships of China," laden with friendship, shuttled across the Pacific. Today, China-LAC cooperation has become a model for coordinating the process of modernization and sustainable development, continuing to write the great story of shared destiny that transcends oceans and mountains. 马尼拉大帆船航线(“中国船”)是全球化的早期范例,代表了一条从亚洲跨越至美洲的贸易航线。早在 16 世纪,“中国船”就满载友谊,穿梭于太平洋之间。今天,中拉共体合作已成为协调现代化和可持续发展进程的典范,续写着跨越大洋和高山的命运共同体的伟大故事。 图源:Wikipedia 2、Phoenix Park Industrial Estate 凤凰工业园 Phoenix Park Industrial Estate is one of the flagship projects of Belt and Road cooperation in Latin American Countries. This environment-friendly industrial park is designed to enhance Trinidad and Tobago's role as a manufacturing hub in the Caribbean and support national efforts toward economic diversification. 凤凰工业园是中国“一带一路”倡议在拉美国家的旗舰项目之一。这个环境友好型的工业园区旨在加强特立尼达和多巴哥作为加勒比地区制造业中心的作用,并支持国家推进经济多样化的努力。 图源:Xinhua News网站 撰稿:李子健 核稿:文晶 钱嘉童