【中国论坛热词解码】(第57期)五核国发表联合声明承诺创建安全环境

2022-01-12
导语
1月3日,联合国安理会五个常任理事国中、俄、美、英、法领导人共同发表《关于防止核战争与避免军备竞赛的联合声明》。这是五国领导人首次就核武器问题共同发声,引起国际社会高度关注。中国外交部军控司司长傅聪4日在相关媒体吹风会上表示,中国是五核国联合声明的积极推动者,为联合声明的达成贡献了重要智慧。


1. nuclear arsenals核武库

The signatories all insisted on the exclusively defensive nature of their nuclear arsenals and reaffirmed their decision to work with all countries to create an atmosphere of security.

签署国都坚持其核武库的纯防御性质,并重申它们决定与所有国家合作,创建一个安全的环境。

(英文摘自2022.01.04 Euronews 网站)


Missile tests indicate that India is on course to fielding a more sophisticated nuclear arsenal with greater diversity of delivery systems.

 

在印度进行的导弹试验表明,印度正朝着拥有更复杂的核武库和更多样化的运载系统的方向发展。

 

(英文摘自2022.01.11 Observer Research Foundation 网站)


2. dispensation豁免,宽免


The five powers that issued the statement were granted dispensation to maintain stockpiles as long as they continued working toward the eventual elimination of nuclear weapons. 

 

发表声明的五个大国只要继续为最终消除核武器而努力,就可以获得维持库存的豁免权。

 

(英文摘自2022.01.03 Bloomberg 网站)

 

Powerful states tend to formulate hard laws that work in the interests of their political dispensation and ensure that their provisions clearly spell out obligations and sanctions.

 

有实力的国家往往会制定符合其政治体制利益的可证实的法律,并确保其条款明确规定了义务和制裁。

 

(英文源自K. Abbot and D. Snidal, “Hard and Soft Law in International Governance,” pp. 432–33.


1641997173229081513.jpg

▲图片来源:NYT

3. non-proliferation 限制核武器和化学武器的增加,防止核扩散


We reaffirm the importance of addressing nuclear threats and emphasize the importance of preserving and complying with our bilateral and multilateral non-proliferation, disarmament, and arms control agreements and commitments. 

 

我们重申应对核威胁的重要性,并强调维护和遵守我们的双、多边不扩散、裁军和军控协议和承诺的重要性。

 

(中英文摘自2022.01.03 中华人民共和国外交部 官方网站)

 

The statement was issued after the latest review of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) was postponed from January 4 to later in the year due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

 

由于COVID-19疫情,《不扩散核武器条约》(NPT)的最新审查而从1月4日推迟到今年晚些时候,该声明是在其之后发表的。

 

(英文摘自2022.01.03 Radio Free Europe 网站)

1641997193365000413.jpg

▲图片来源:The Economist


4.moribund  行将灭亡的,奄奄一息的,濒于崩溃的


The statement also comes as the world powers seek to reach agreement with Iran on reviving the 2015 deal over its controversial nuclear drive, which was rendered moribund by the US walking out of the accord in 2018.

 

这份声明发表之际,世界各大国正寻求与伊朗恢复在2015年就其有争议的核计划达成的协议,该协议因美国在2018年退出而变得摇摇欲坠。

 

(英文摘自2022.01.03 The Moscow Times 网站)

 

The test also marked the latest snub of outgoing South Korean president Moon Jae-in, who has staked his political legacy on reviving a diplomatic process that has remained moribund since talks collapsed between Kim and former US president Donald Trump in 2019

 

金正恩新年讲话后的“高超音速”武器实验还标志着即将离任的韩国总统文在寅最新一次受到冷落,他把自己的政治遗产押在了恢复自金正恩与美国前总统唐纳德特朗普于 2019 年谈判破裂以来一直处于垂死状态的外交进程上。

 

(英文摘自2022.01.06 Financial Times 网站)



5.hypersonic 高超音速的,远超过音速的


North Korea is seeking to build up its missile capability in order to boost its “bargaining position,” says one political analyst, who pointed to the country’s latest attempt last week to test-fire a hypersonic missile.

 

一位政治分析家指出,朝鲜上周试射高超音速导弹的最新尝试是在寻求建立其导弹能力以提高其“讨价还价的地位”。

 

(英文摘自2022.01.10 CNBC 网站)

 

Nuclear-armed North Korea launched an apparent ballistic missile for the second time this year, Japan’s Defense Ministry said Tuesday, with Seoul calling the firing an improvement on what Pyongyang claimed was a test of a “hypersonic” weapon less than a week ago.

 

日本防卫省周二表示,拥有核武器的朝鲜今年第二次发射了一枚明显的弹道导弹,并且首尔称这次发射比平壤声称的不到一周前的 “高超音速”武器实验有所改进。

 

(英文摘自2022.01.11 The Japan Times 网站)


6.annihilation (粒子与反粒子的)湮灭,湮没,覆灭,灭绝


Although the world is understandably preoccupied with the coronavirus pandemic, climate change, and regional conflicts, it would be wrong to assume that the threat of nuclear war had vanished. In fact, the probability of nuclear annihilation remains perilously high.

 

尽管全世界都在关注新冠肺炎疫情、气候变化和地区冲突,这是可以理解的,但如果认为核战争的威胁已经消失了,那就错了。事实上,核毁灭的概率仍然高得危险。

 

(英文摘自2022.01.11 Arab News 网站)

 

In an opinion article published internationally, Mr. Guterres said this threat is growing by the year and “nuclear annihilation” is “just one misunderstanding or miscalculation away”. 

 

在国际上发表的一篇评论文章中,联合国秘书长古特雷斯先生说,核武器构成的威胁正在逐年增加,“核毁灭只差一个误解或误判”。

 

(英文摘自 2022.01.04 UN News 网站)


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